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pib]
srk;r
btRm;n
\ atIt
klk;t;Y A%n b;'l; &;W;r p[eY;egr b*;p;er ebx &;el;rkm
rdbdl `e$ y;eCzà y;r %br sb j;Yg;Y b;°;iledr r;%; drk;r.
&;W; ey %ub ebix bdel y;eCz
t; nY. a;mr; y;ek m;n* cilt &;W; b; srtandard
colloquial Bengali (aenk smY
E'r;ijet Bangla-E ili%
a;mr;Ù b;
a;dxR b;'l; t;EúE b*bhÌt heCz el%;p‹;Y. ixi=etr Ø?Ù
kq;b;tR;Y.
ikN¼
AE sue] Úb;'l; &;W;Û kq;$;ek Ak$u pir¦;r ker inE.
a;mr; aenk smY b;'l; &;W; blet AE m;n* cilt b;'l;E buiZ.
t; et; nY. b;'l; &;W; a;sel aenk‡el; &;W;–epr
ؤp&;W;rÙ Ak$; ‡Cz. n;n; a÷el t;r a;l;d; a;l;d;
wbic]à sm;ejr n;n; Ster t;r n;n;–p. A sbE a;l;d; a;l;d;
b;'l;. a;b;r s;ihet* ili%t heY b;'l; &;W;r du rkm ech;r;
d;-‹;Yú gd* a;r pd*. ged*r a;b;r due$; –pú s;/u a;r
cilt. cilt$;E \E m;n* cilt b;'l;úey$; mue% bl;\ hYà eri@\età
e$ili&xenàk;es p‹;en;età esimn;erà \ \Y;kRxep.
s;/u&;W;r
esE suidn a;r enE es$; sb;E j;enn. a;nNdb;j;r pi]k;r
sMp;dkIYet abx* s;/u&;W;r Ak$; sMm;int Sh;n a;ez. sM&bt
b*^rcn; s;/u&;W;et Ak$; ibexW emj;ej fue$ \e# belE t-;r;
AE &;W;–pi$ek A%n\ a;'ixk&;eb ixer;/;yR ker a;ezn.
sMp;dkIYet b*e^r Ak$; be‹; suey;g a;ez. ikNtu AE
a;nNdb;j;r pi]k;E 1965úr 22 m;cR t;ire% t;r p;t;Y p[qm cilt
&;W;r %br pirexn a;rM& kernà Ab' t-;edr ed%;edi%
b;'l; an*;n* %berr k;gj\ ½em s;/u&;W;ek jl;¢il ideY
cilt &;W;ek g[h, ker. a;mr; s;ihet*r Eith;es 1914úr
Aip[el Ø1321 wbx;%Ù p[k;ixt p[mq eco/urIr sbujp]úek b;'l;
s;ihet* cilt &;W;r p[btRk bel men kir. kq;$; aitxY
a;'ixk st*. t%n an* ek;en; wdink b; s;miYk p] cilt &;W;
g[h, kerin. Amnik keö;l Ø1923Ù pi]k;r b;`; b;`; ibPlbI
el%ekr;\ cilt &;W;Y el%; º• kernin.
el%ekr;à
aqR;_ gLpú¤pn*;esr el%ekr; cilt &;W;Y el%; º• kern
s;/;r,&;eb 1935úAr pr. 1940ú42 n;g;d p[t*h n;em Aki$
wdink k;gj eber;Yà t; ºeniz puer;$;E cilt &;W;Y z;p;
ht. a;im t;r Ak$; s'%*; ede%iz. ikNtu es wdinkúp]à AE
k;re,E ikn; j;in n;à %ub t;‹;t;i‹ ¤e# y;Y. Ar per Sb;/Int;r
k;z;k;iz smeY yug;NtrúA s'b;d n; hel\ s;ihet*r rcn;‡el;
cilt &;W;Y p[k;ixt ht. Úeze‹ a;s; g[;mÛ xIWRk rcn;‡el;r
kq; inXcYE aenekr men a;ez.
tbu\
A sbE izl ibiCzµ ecê;à t; hYet; Ak$; /;r;b;ihkt;r
a;&;s fui$eY tulizl ú ikNtu Spê /;r; wtir kerin. Akb;r
%berr k;gj eyE cilt &;W; g[h, krlà \E 1965úr prà
t;rpr eqek m;n* cilt &;W;r s'SkOit º• heY egl. 1953
eqek b;Cc;edr p;#* bE ikxlY ú Ar cilt &;W;\ A s'SkOitr
sU]p;t kret p;erin.
ek;n¿ b;'l;?
eymn
belizà AE m;n* cilt b;'l; hl aenk‡el; b;'l;r Ø!;k;E
b;'l;à pu•ilY;r b;'l;à piN@tedr b;'l;à em;ö;úemolibedr
b;'l;à emeYedr b;'l;à el%;r s;/uúgd*à el%;r pd* b;'l;à
Et*;idÙ Ak$; b;'l;. ikNtu eyehtu Ar b*bh;r sb;E emen ineYezà
t;E A$; m;n*. a;r sb b;'l; ek;en; j;Yg;à b; sm;ejr ek;en;
Ster b; eg;ëIet sIm;bÊà ey%;en m;n* cilt b;'l; sbR] gOhIt
a;c;irk ØformalÙ
ibinmeYr &;W;–p iheseb.
el%;r
b;'l; ex%;en; sms*;
AE b;'l; a;egr eceY aenk shj heYez t; hYet; aenek l=* kerezn.
1960úAr pr eqek el%;r cilt b;'l; &;W; ½mx shejr idek
AigeYezà a;r 1990úAr pr et; a;ñ; a;r #;|; EY;ikR
&;W;\ %ber k;gej j;Yg; p;eCz. ikNtu em;â; kq; hlà A%n
m;n* cilt &;W;rE jY jYk;r. yid\ A%n\ k®;s is„úese&enr
p;#* b;'l; bEeY p;#*puStk p[ent;r;à eysb puer;en; gd* tuel
edY t;et Úa;pnk;rÛ Úsmi&b*bh;erÛ Út;dOx*Û Et*;id xÝ
q;ekà Ab' t;et A%nk;r ezelemeYr; Ak$u `;be‹ y;Yà tbu
&;W;r git shejrE idek. bS¼tpe= eyúb;'l; k®;es ix%b Ab'
eyúb;'l; k;ej p[eY;g krb Ab' il%b t;r me/* Ak$; tf;t A%n\
eqek egez.
t;r
k;r,$; p[/;nt AE eyà a;m;edr b;'l;E eh;k a;r E'erijE eh;k
ú p;#* bEeY eysb $uker; a;mr; tuel ideyizà t; mUlt Ús;iht*Û
ex%;en;r jen*. ezelemeYr; a;m;edr &;W;r mh_ sOiê‡el;r
se^ pirict hebà jIbenr mUl*eb;/ ix%eb ú t;E mUl ¤eâx*.
abx*
A ¤eâx* ¤ict Ab' s'gt. ikNtu AE s;iht* p‹;et igeY
a;m;edr ix=ekr; &;W;r p[ey;egr idk$;et ebix njr edn n;à
Ab' ek;n¿ &;W; p‹iz Ab' ek;n &;W; wdniNdn jIben
n;n; ¤ple= b*bh;r krb ú A dueYr tf;t edi%eY edn n;. Ar fel
b*;kre,r m/* ideY &;W; ex%;en;r Ak$; p[;,p, ecê; hY.
s;iht*úp;#\ a;r ezelemeYedr a;kWR, ker n;à k;r, ey &;W;r
s;iht* t;r; pe‹ t;r; ede% eyà Úes &;W; &uel
egiz.Û
b*;kre,r
p;#*½m\ setjà Spêà b*bh;rey;g* &;W; ix=;r ibWYi$et
ej;r n; ideY Ak$u p[;cIn ab*bh;rey;g* &;W; ex%;en;r \pr
ej;r edY. eymn /r; y;kà b*kre, ikzu xeÝr p[itxÝ ex%;en;
hY. ÚsUyRÛ Ak$; pirict xÝà A$;E a;mr; n;n; ¤ple=* b*bh;r
kir. b*;kre, t;r p[itxÝ iheseb pr pr s;ijeY ed\Y; hl ú Úidb;krÛà
Úm;tRN@Ûà Úidnn;qÛà ÚidnpitÛà Úib&;bsuÛà ÚitBW;SpitÛà
Et*;id n;n; xÝ. ezelemeYedr A‡el; mu%St kret bl; hY. Ab'
t;r; mu%St ker\ ú k;r, A‡el; prI=;Y a;es. ikN¼ t;edr
k;ez A‡el; miSte:kr SmOitek;eW iniS½Y +;n heYE q;ekà b*bh;err
á;r; smSt xÝ jIbNt heY \e# n;. AE t;ilk;r duúAki$ xÝ
z;‹; a;r ek;n‡el; t;r; wdniNdn jIbenr kq;b;tR;Y b; gd*
b; kibt; el%;Y b*bh;r kreb? ek;en;$;E n;. kibt;Y Ak$u aecn;
xÝ b*bh;err suey;g abx*E a;ezà ikN¼ t;et\ AEsb a;i&/;ink
xÝ b*bh;r krel el;ek h;sebà &;el; pi]k;Y es kibt; z;p;\
heb ikn; seNdh. abx*E p[it&;/r kib Arkm Ak$;údue$; mr;
xÝ ineY\ e&lik edi%eY idet p;ernà ikN¼ es$; mUlt b*it½m.
Skuelr
n;n; prI=;Y a;r Ak /renr p[Xn kr; hY ú es\ \E ab*bh;yR ki#n
ú ki#n s'SkOt xeÝr ix=; edb;r jn*. ÚAk kq;Y p[k;x ker;Û
eg;ezr p[Xn iney inXcYE aenek ibb[t heYezn. h;itr @;k ÚbO'h,Û
ÚbO'ihtÛà e`;‹;r @;k Úeh[W;Ûà ek;ikelr rb ÚkuŸ/BinÛ
Asb %ub sms*;r nY. kukuerr @;k ÚbuKnÛú\ hYet; ek¤ ek¤
ek;en;idnà mUlt b*^Czelà b*bh;r kreb. ikNtu Ak S]I btRm;n
q;ket a;r Aki$ ibb;h ey Úai/ebdnÛ t; ejen ezelemeyr; kI
kreb? b*;p;r$; eba;EnIà awnitkà am;nibk ú es$; et; be$Eà
ikNtu \E xÝ$; ineY a;m;edr ezelemeYr; m;q;Y jm; ker ere%
per &uel y;\Y; z;‹; a;r kI kreb?
a;m;edr
Skuelr &;W;p;e# ix=; \ p[eY;egr me/* AE dUrtB dI`Ridenrà
Ed;nI' iselb;es ikzu adbdl `i$eY t;r ech;r;$; an*rkm kr;r ecê;
clez. ikNtu puer;en; a&*;s shej y;Y n;. ix=;r b;Stb
Al;k;Y yt=, n; ix=ekr; s;iht*ix=; \ &;W;ix=;r pOqk pOqk
l=*‡el;ek e%Y;l n; r;%eznà ytidn n; ek;n¿ &;W; ix%eb
j;nebà ikNtu ek;n &;W; b*bh;r kreb t;r me/* Ak$; Spê
s'git wtir n; heCz ttidn a;m;edr ezelemeYedr &;W;i&i¼
dubRlE eqek y;eb. E'erij b;'l; duE e=e]E.
abx*E
b*it½m q;keb. ArE me/* ek;en; ek;en; ezel b; emeY &;W;r
p[it Ak$; &;lb;s; eb;/ ker ¤d¿ebl heY ¤#ebà inejr;
p;gelr met; bE pe‹ &;W;$;r aiN/ siN/ eb;Zb;r ecê;
krebà Ab' heY ¤#eb kib b; el%k. ikNtu ey p-;cúz l=
ezelemeY m;/*imk prI=; edY t;r me/* t;r; kújn? p]pi]k; ede%
ey /;r,;E eh;kà keYk h;j;err ebix heb n;.a;im Aedr ineY
iciNtt nEà a;im iciNtt as'%* s;/;r, ezelemeYedr &;W;+;n
ineY. &;W;$; ey Ak$; mj;r sOiêr j;Yg;à t; ineY e%letúe%let
ey t;r se^ bN/utB hey y;Y Ab' t%n es bN/ur k;z eqek p[cur
s;h;y* p;\Y; eyet p;er A$;E a;m;edr ezelemeYr; buZet p;er n;à
b; t;edr eb;Z;en; hY n;.
mue%
bl;r sms*;
A et; egl el%;r b;'l;&;W;r ix=; a;r ibSt;err e=e] ey
s'ke$r me/* ideY a;mr; cliz t;r kq;. Ab;r a;im mue%r b;'l;&;W;
ineY ey sms*; a;medr ec;e% pe‹ t;r kq; Ak$u bil. a;pn;r;
ey ey%;enE q;kun yid e$ili&xen s;'b;idkedr r;St;Y enem
s;/;r, pqy;]Iedr mue%r s;men m;Ee½;ef;n AigeY /r; Ab' s;=;_k;r
ede% q;ekn t;hel A kq;‡el; a;pn;edr\ men heb. eri@eY;et
s;/;r, m;nueWr s;=;_k;er\ AE AkE b*;p;r `e$. ebixr &;g
m;nuW kI blezn t; Spê eb;Z; y;Y n;. hY h‹b‹ ker Akg;d;
kq; b;r kreznà n; hY b;ek*r exW$; igel efleznà n; hY i#k
/Bin i#k&;eb ¤Cc;r, krezn n;à fel kq;Y ek;en; aqR b;
a;ebg Spê heY ¤#ez n;. bi›mcNd[ Aki$ el%;Y belizeln ey
yid tuim g;n ºineY el;kek muG/ kret c;\ teb et;m;r suer eyn
p÷m l;eg. a;m;edr kq; b;l;r e=e] AE kq;$;ekE b*;pk aeqR g[h,
kr; y;Y. aqR;_ a;m;edr kq; Amn&;eb blet heb t; eyn el;ek
ºnet b;/* hYà el;ekr men;ey;g eyn a;m;edr kq; $;net p;er.
Ar
Ak$; idk a;ez p[Xn eyà sb;EekE \E S$*;N@;@R b;'l; b; m;n*
cilt b;'l; ey blet heb t;r kI m;en? a;im yid emidnIpur b;
isel$ b; ce|;g[;emr b;'l; bil t;et =it kI? a;im bilà ek;en;
=it enE. a;im yid a;m;r ejl; b; a÷elr m;nuWek ex;n;et c;E
t;hel \E a÷elr ¤p&;W;etE blbà hYet; es$; bl; a;r\
s'gt heb. g[;emr m;nueWr k;ez r;jwnitk b¼²; eh;k b; piN@t
eh;k ú yid t-;edr `err &;W;Y kq; blet p;er teb t;r eceY
&;el; a;r ikzu enE. &;W;ib+;n &;W; b; ¤p&;W;r
ez;e$;be‹; SbIk;r ker n;. inidRê eg;ëIr me/* ey;g;ey;egr
b;hn iheseb ib+;en sb &;W; b; ¤p&;W;r sm;n my;Rd;.
t;E
a;mr; bilà a;pin ey ¤p&;W;E blun n; eknà t; Spê ker
blun. abx*E eyúb;°;il el%;p‹; ix%eb ESkul kelej igeY
t;ek aNtt due$; b;°l; blet ix%et heb. Ak$; inejr `r b; a÷elr
b;'l;à a;r iátIY$; \E m;n* cilt b;'l;. `err &;W;$;
ex%;r jen* t;ek a;l;d; ek;en; ecê; kret hY n;à es `err
el;ekedr kq;m ºnet ºnetà n;n;rkm a;\Y;j eqek a;e/;úa;e/;
kq; blet blet es itnús;e‹ itn bzr bYes es ú &;W;$;
angRl blet ixe% y;Y.
ikNtu
m;n* cilt b;'l;$; a;l;d; ker ix%et hY. aenk smY eri@\úe$ili&xen
ex;en ¦uel ixi=k;úix=kedr k;ez ex;enà n;$ek clice] ex;en
Ab' A&;eb ºnet ºnet exe%. AE ºnet ºnet ex%;ek s;h;y*
ker t;r p‹;. es %berr k;gjà gLpú¤pn*;sún;$kú
p[bN/à p;#*bE y;úE p‹uk n; ekn t;et ebixr&;g e=e] \E
m;n* cilt b;'l;r ili%t –p$;E b*bhÌt hY. fel ex;n; –p
a;r ili%t –epr yuglbiNdet t;r m;n* cilt &;W;r b*bh;irk
+;n /Ier /Ier x¼²ep;¼² heY \e#.
teb
¤p&;W; `err &;W;E eh;kà a;r m;n* cilt b;'l;E eh;kà
y; blb t; Spê ker blet heb et;à suNdr ker blet heb et; úy;et
el;ek Ak$u k;n %;‹; ker ex;en.
Spê
ker bl;$; b*;kre,r idkà a;r suNdr ker bl;$; nNdnte¼Ãr idk.
ey ek;en; ixeLp g;nà n;cà ic]kl; &;¦yR*úAE due$; idk
q;ekúb*;kr, a;r nNdnt¼Ã. due$;E inYmbÊà due$;r inYmE
j;net heb. b*;kre,r inYm n; ejen nNdnte¼Ã epo-z;en; muxiklà
a;b;r nNdnte¼Ãr inYm n; j;nel kq; ek¤ ºneb n;.
b*;kr,
a;r nNdnt¼Ã kq; due$; ºen `;be‹ y;\Y;r ikzu enE. kq;
bl;r b*;kre.r ibWY mult AE‡el;ú
1. b;ek*r /Ãin‡el; i#k i#k ¤Cc;r, kret p;riz et;?
2. b;ek*r x݇el; ey&;eb s;j;en; t;et i#k xÝ$;Y i#k
j;Yg;Y ej;r idet p;riz et;?
3. b;ek*r /rn anuy;YI t;r ÚsurÛ b; Út;n $;Û(intonation)
i#k idet p;riz et;? aqR;_ s;/;r, %br j;tIY b;k* p[Xn a;r
a;ebg ¤Xz;s /renr b;ek*r me/* i#k i#k tf;t kret p;riz et;?
n; ik smSt b;k*E er;eb;e$r kq; bl;r mt Ake`eY men;e$;en bel
y;iCz?
4. b;ek*r exW a'x$; dm fuireY y;\Y;r k;re, aSpê b; nIrb heY
y;eCz n; et; ú y;ek E'erijet bel tail dropping b;
b;ek*r l*;j %s;en;? bl; b;Ÿl*à a;mr; jNm eqek b;'l; blizà
Amnik per E'erij blet ixe%iz t;r; skel Asb b*;p;er
sectn nEà k;r, a;m;edr sectn kr; hY n;. a;r t;rE fel
a;m;edr kq; aenk smY k®;iNtkr heY pe‹. g;nà a;bOi¼ \
n;$ekr cliCce]r ezelemeYr; Øabx*E be‹;r;\Ù aenek ibWeY
sectnà ikNtu sb;E nY. ehmNt mue%;p;/*;Yà rbINd[s'gIet Úh#;_Û
¤Cc;r, kereznà be‹; ai&ent; \ me÷ cliCce] &ul
¤Cc;r, kern t; ed%; y;Y. ikNtu es$; \perr Ak nMbr Al;k;r ]³i$
ú 2 ú 3 ú4 úAr e=e]
t-;r; sectn.
nNdnt¼B
b; esoNdeyRr Al;k;Y y%n !uek pi‹ t%n bi›mceNd[r \E Úsuer
p÷m l;g;en;Ûúr kq;$; %ub men pe‹. kq; ºnet Ú&;el;
l;g;rÛ jn* c;E suNdr kþà kq;ek t;r sm*k aqR \ a;ebgsuÊ
yq;yq p[k;x kr;r jn* ec;%mue%r b; h;etr s'gt ai&b*i¼².
keþ suerr ey m;];e&dà t;r Ak$; p;ir&;iWk n;m a;ezà
t;ek bel p[;Y&;W; Øpara languageÙ.
a;r ec;%mue%r h;etr xrIerr &i^ a^s'ekt b; sign
languageú Ar a'x. kq;Y esoNdyR
sOiêr jn* Adue$; idekE %ub ebix ker e%Y;l r;%; drk;r. teb
ak;re, ebix gl; e%l;en; b; h;túp; n;‹; eqek\ ibrt q;k;
&;el;.
‡i$eY
a;n; mNtb*
ex%;r &;W; Ab' bl;r &;W;r p[eY;ggt sms*;r kq; ikzu A
inbeN/ bl;r ecê; keriz. el%;r &;W;r e=e] ey rdbdl `$ez
t;r kq; p[qem ¤eö% kriz. t;r Ak$; idk hl &;W;r shejr
idek y;];à y;r fel a;m;edr s;iht* ix=; a;r &;W; ix=;r
me/* Ak$; dUrtB wtir heYez. A dUrtB e`;c;enr ecê; ntun
iselb;es kr;\ heYez. ili%t &;W;r shejr idek y;];r kq;
blet igeYE m;n* cilt&;W;r ibbtRenr Ak$; s'i=Pt Eith;s
ideYiz.
el%;r
&;W;r iátIY rdbdl `$ez b;n;enr e=e]. b;n;n a;m;edr
skelrE a;te›r ibWY. ezelebl;r k;nml;à ebtà @;S$;err
g-;|; sbE a;m;edr men a;ez. 1936 ú A klk;t; ibXbibd*;lYà
per ibXb&;rtI a;nNdb;j;r pi]k; Ab' s;Mp[itkk;el sbeceY
¤eö%ey;g*&;eb piXcmb^ b;'l; a;k;edim b;n;enr srlIkr, \
smt;ib/;enr jn* p[cur k;j kerezn. Ar fel b;'l;edexr se^\
b;n;n ú nIitr aenk$; ±k* wtir heYez. piXcmb;'l;r p[;qimkà
m;/*imk Ab' ¤Ccm;/*imk prI=; ú s'g#n a;k;edimr b;n;n g[h,
kerezn Ab' Ar fel %ub ixgigirE bEeY p[k;xn;Y AkErkm b;n;n
cleb Amn a;x; kr; y;Y. AE b;n;n ix%eb ezelemeYr;à t;et
puer;en; xeÝr xrIr\ ikzu$; bdl;ebà eymn Úk;ihnIÛ Úk;ihinÛ
hebà Úex[nIÛ heb ex[i,Û.
A
ineY &Y p;\Y;r ikzu enE. a;sl kq; hl i#k &;eb b;'l;
&;W;r m;n* –p$;ek il%et p;r; a;r blet p;r; a;mr; inejr;
yid AE due$; l=* ineY Aeg;E t;hel p[x;sen b;'l; cll ik n; ú
klk;t;r s;Eneb;e@R b;'l; el%; hl ikn;ú essb p[Xn at &Y'kr
q;keb n;.
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